The Brownie Camera Changed the Future of Photography

The next time you point your smartphone at a sunset, snap a group of friends on a night out or position yourself just so for a selfie, you might want to give silent thanks to George Eastman. Not that he invented the smartphone or the myriad social media sites to which you can instantly post your images. What he did do was set in motion the democratization of a pastime that prior to the turn of the 20th century  was solely reserved for professionals well-trained in the use of heavy large-format cameras.   In February of 1900,  Eastmans  company,  Eastman Kodak,  introduced a low-priced, point-and-shoot, hand-held camera, called the Brownie. Simple enough for even children to use, the Brownie was designed, priced, and marketed in order to bolster the sale of roll film, which Eastman had recently invented, and as a result, make  photography  accessible to the masses.   Snapshots From a Small Box Designed by Eastman Kodaks camera designer Frank A. Brownell, the Brownie camera was little more than a simple  black rectangular cardboard box covered in imitation leather with nickeled fittings. To take a snapshot, all one had to do was pop in a cartridge of film, close the door, hold the camera at waist height, aim it  by looking through the viewfinder at the top, and turn a switch. Kodak claimed in its advertisements that the Brownie camera was so simple they can easily [be] operated by any school boy or girl. Though simple enough for even children to use, a 44-page instruction booklet accompanied every Brownie camera.   Affordable and Easy to Use The Brownie camera was very affordable, selling for only $1 each. Plus, for only 15 cents, a Brownie camera owner could buy a six-exposure film cartridge that could be loaded in daylight. For an extra 10 cents a photo plus 40 cents for developing and postage, users could send their film to Kodak for development, eliminating the need to invest in a darkroom and special equipment and materials—much less learn how to use them. Marketed to Children Kodak heavily marketed the Brownie camera to children. Its ads, which ran in popular magazines rather than just trade journals, also included what would soon become a series of popular Brownie characters, elf-like creatures created by Palmer Cox. Children under the age of 15  were also urged to join the free Brownie Camera Club, which sent all members a brochure on the art of photography  and advertised a series of photo contests in which kids could earn prizes for their snapshots. The Democratization of Photography In just the first year after introducing the Brownie, the Eastman Kodak Company sold over a quarter of a million of its little cameras. However, the small cardboard box did more than just  help make Eastman a rich man. It forever changed the culture. Soon, handheld cameras of all sorts would hit the market, making possible vocations like photojournalist and fashion photographer, and giving artists yet another medium with which to express themselves. These cameras also gave everyday people an affordable, accessible way to document the important moments of their lives,  whether formal or spontaneous and preserve them for future generations.

Locations Ofall Major Trading Hubs/Land Landing Centers

Locations of all major trading hubs/land landing centers for vegetables (both rural urban) in the country. Source: Agricultural Statistics Yearbook 2010-2011, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. 5.4 Vegetable Forward Market movement Scenario According to the available data, it was found that around 10% of the produces are consumed at grower level, 30% at local level, 30% at district level and remaining 30% at distant markets. The vegetable movement map derived from analyzing primary and secondary data is as follows: The movement map shows that Dhaka, Chittagong, Sylhet and Barisal are the prime districts at the receiving end where all the urban landing centers are situated and these districts receive. The table below shows†¦show more content†¦The other value chain actors are directly or indirectly dependant on these two major actors. In general the forward market vegetable value chain structure includes the actors as farmers, farias, arotdars, baparis, and retailers. 5.5.1 Farmers Farmers are at the starting point of the value chain, they are the growers. After harvesting they usually sell their produces to the regional arotders and beparis. Farmers prefer to come to the arots/haats as they get better and competitive price by selling vegetables to traders. Furthermore, they can sell all their vegetables at a time to the same arotder and bepari. However, farmers also sell to the forias retailers (which usually amount to less than 20% of their total production) as beparis reject poor quality vegetables. Sometimes the forias come to the farmers door to collect the produces. In this case, farmers need not to bare any transportation costs. All transactions are done in cash. 5.5.2 Farias (petty trader) Farias buy directly from the growers and sell to other traders or to the local arots/haats. They are mostly small-scale seasonal floating traders, and some combine farming with trading. Sometimes they take credit from others (like family or friends) and repay it after trading. Forias always procure from farmers as they get vegetables at a lower price. They never provide credit to the farmers. On the other hand they

Unity Is Strength free essay sample

Everyone of us must have heard the well known proverb Unity is strength. No country which is run by internal dimensions and divisions can stand against enemies. Divisional lack of unity always ends in disaster. In the same way differences among brothers ruin the family. Take the case of Raven, The King of Lankan. He was fated to die when his brother left Im and Joined his enemy. Jealousy between Primitive Raja and Jamaican gave an opportunity to Mohammad Chore to conquer India.The quarrels among Ragouts brought their downfall and humiliation. Restaurant was conquered by Muslim rulers In spite of the fact that Ragouts were matchless In bravery. If they had gathered under one banner, the history of India would have been different. Everybody knows perfectly well that one thread Is easily broken and when threads are united Into a rope, they cannot be broken easily.It Is correct to say that we cannot face our enemy single handed as successfully as we can hen we are united and are the members of a group or an association for example- the workers association, the clerks association and the motor drivers association etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Unity Is Strength or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What is true in the case of kings and states is also true in the case of an ordinary man. Everybody knows well the famous story of an old man whose sons could not break a bundle of sticks but were successful in breaking the sticks when they were separated. This clearly proves that unity is strength or united we stand and divided we stand and divided we fall.